5 Symptoms That Signal a Problem with the Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small but extremely important organ that regulates metabolism, heart activity, and many other processes in the body. When its function is impaired, symptoms often develop gradually and can easily be mistaken for fatigue, stress, or other conditions.

1. Constant fatigue and lack of energy

This is one of the most common symptoms of reduced thyroid function (hypothyroidism). People often feel exhausted even in the morning, need more sleep, and have difficulty concentrating.

2. Unexplained weight changes

Sudden weight gain without a change in diet is typical of reduced thyroid function, while sudden weight loss may indicate increased function (hyperthyroidism). These changes are often accompanied by changes in appetite and fluid retention.

It is important to note that women are more often affected by thyroid hormonal disorders, but symptoms in men are sometimes detected later because they are underestimated. In such cases, in addition to hormonal tests, an endocrinologist may order additional tests for metabolic disorders.

3. Hair loss and dry skin

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the condition of the skin, hair, and nails. In cases of hormonal imbalance, hair can become thin, dry, and start falling out more intensely. The skin often loses its elasticity and becomes sensitive and scaly.

These symptoms occur in both genders, but women are more likely to seek medical help due to visible changes. Diagnosis is made through laboratory tests and an examination by an endocrinologist, who evaluates other accompanying symptoms as well.

4. Rapid heartbeat or palpitations

Increased thyroid function can accelerate the heart rate and cause a feeling of ‘skipping’ heartbeats, shortness of breath, or internal tension. In some patients, this may be accompanied by an increase in blood pressure or hand tremors.

Palpitations as a symptom of thyroid problems are often underestimated, especially in younger people. In addition to hormonal tests, ECG and cardiological examination are sometimes ordered in cases of palpitations to rule out other causes.

5. Mood changes

The thyroid gland also affects mental health. In cases of hypothyroidism depression, lack of motivation, and depressive episodes are often observed, while in cases of hyperthyroidism, anxiety, nervousness, and irritability are more common.

These symptoms are frequent and can easily be confused with chronic stress or workplace burnout. Therefore, when prolonged emotional changes occur, specialists often recommend thyroid function testing as part of a comprehensive diagnostic workup.

When should we seek a doctor?

If several of these symptoms appear simultaneously and persist for more than a few weeks, it is advisable to consult an endocrinologist. Timely identification of thyroid gland problems allows for successful treatment and prevents long-term complications.

By definition, thyroid gland diseases are significantly more common in women, especially after the age of 35–40, but they can also affect men.

MC ‘PENTAGRAM’ HAS TWO EXPERIENCED ENDOCRINOLOGISTS:

Dr. Mariyana Ivanova is an endocrinologist in Sofia with over 32 years of experience and professional interests in the field of diabetes, thyroid gland diseases, and obesity. She also performs diagnosis and treatment of pituitary and adrenal gland disorders, endocrine hypertension and other hormonal and metabolic disorders.

Dr. Aleksandra Markova is an endocrinologist with over 10 years of experience in the specialty. Her professional interests are in the field of diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, thyroid diseases, osteoporosis, pituitary and adrenal gland disorders.

To book an appointment for a consultation: tel. 0700 91 191 – appointments through NHIF, health fund, or self-payment.